Definition of Control
According to Allen,
"Control agency to guide something inward the management it is intended to go."
Definition of Controlling
According to James Stoner,
"Controlling is the procedure of ensuring that actual activities adapt to the planned activities."
5 Steps In Control Process
Five primary steps inward the command procedure alongside diagram are discussed below :-
1. Fixing the Control Standards / Objectives / Targets
A measure is a criterion (base) which is used to mensurate the functioning of the subordinates. Standards may live on of ii types, i.e. Quantitative Standards as well as Qualitative Standards.
Quantitative Standard tin live on easily defined as well as measured. For e.g. number of products, number of customers, cost, internet profit, fourth dimension limits, etc.
Qualitative Standard cannot live on easily defined as well as measured. For e.g. measure of morale, measure of labor satisfaction, measure of number of a preparation programme, promotion programme, etc. It is ameliorate to conduct maintain quantitative standards because they are measurable. However, today in that place are many novel techniques for measuring qualitative standards.
The standards should live on every bit clear every bit possible. It should live on easily understood past times both superiors as well as subordinates. The responsibleness of each private should also live on clearly defined i.e. everyone should live on responsible for achieving a item goal, objective, target, etc. For e.g. The marketing division fixes a measure - "We volition sell 2,000 units of production X inward i month". So hither the measure is 2,000 units.
2. Measuring the Actual Performances
After establishing the standards, the subordinates should live on provided alongside all the resources for performing the job. They should live on properly directed as well as motivated to perform the job. Similarly, they should live on properly supervised. If the subordinated come upward nether blogspot.com//search?q=douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y">Theory X they require maximum supervision. However, if they come, nether blogspot.com//search?q=douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y">Theory Y as well as then they require minimum supervision. After they consummate the labor their functioning should live on carefully measured. There are many traditional as well as modern techniques for measuring the performances of subordinates.
For e.g. After i month, the marketing division sold exclusively 10,000 units of production X. So, their actual functioning is exclusively 10,000 units.
3. Comparision
The actual performances of the subordinates are compared alongside established standards, as well as and then the deviations are found out. The deviations which are found out may live on positive or negative.
Positive Deviation agency that the actual performances are ameliorate than the established standards. Positive deviations should live on appreciated.
Negative Deviation agency that the actual functioning is less than the established standards. The blogspot.com//search?q=douglas-mcgregor-theory-x-theory-y">management should pay exceptional attending to the negative deviation. They should abide by out the causes of negative deviations.
Generally, tyke (small) deviations are ignored. However, major deviations should live on forthwith addressed as well as reported to the transcend management. PERT, Budgetary Control, Observation, Inspection, Reports, etc. are around of the methods used for comparison.
For e.g. 10,000 units (Standard) - 9,000 units (Actual Performance) = 1,000 units (Negative Deviation).
4. Corrective Action
After finding out the negative deviations as well as their causes, the managers should conduct maintain steps to right these deviations. Corrective actions should live on taken promptly. Corrective activeness may include, changing the standards, providing ameliorate motivation, giving ameliorate training, using ameliorate machines, etc. The management should conduct maintain essential steps to preclude these deviations inward the future.
For e.g. The crusade of the negative divergence was less advertising as well as untrained salesmen. So, the companionship must pass reasonable coin on advertising as well as training.
5. Follow-up
After taking corrective action, the management must produce a follow-up. Follow-up is done to abide by out whether the corrective actions are taken properly. It also finds out whether the deviations as well as their causes are removed. If follow-up is done properly, as well as then the actual functioning volition live on equal to or ameliorate than the established standards.
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