Motivation Motivational Factors Incentives Theories Of Motivation

What is Motivation? Meaning

Motivation is adjacent to directing / leading. Managers tin motivate their subordinates spell guiding them. Motivating way encouraging people to receive got to a greater extent than inaugural as well as involvement inwards the piece of work assigned. It is an fine art of getting things done willingly from others.

Motivation avoids clashes as well as non-cooperation as well as brings harmony, unity as well as co-operative outlook with employees. Managers receive got to piece of work every bit motivators of their subordinates. For this, effective communication, proper appreciation of piece of work done as well as positive encouragement are necessary as well as useful. Motivation is inspiring as well as encouraging people to piece of work to a greater extent than as well as contribute for achieving the objectives of the companionship The creation of the wishing as well as willingness to perform the chore efficiently is known every bit motivation.

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Motivation is a psychological as well as sociological concept every bit it relates to human demeanor as well as human relations. It is the most key as well as all pervasive concept of psychology. For motivation, sweetness words are useful but are for sure non adequate. Motivation basically relates to human needs, desires as well as expectations. In other words, these factors propose the measures which tin hold out used for the motivation of employees.

In motivation, efforts should hold out made to satisfy the unlike needs of employees as well as hence that they volition hold out satisfied, happy as well as away from tensions. This creates favorable surround because of which employees receive got to a greater extent than involvement as well as inaugural inwards the piece of work as well as perform their jobs efficiently. Motivation is a technique of creating attraction for the job. It is encouraging employees for meliorate performance inwards lodge to give the goals of an Organization. The procedure of motivation is a continuous i (circular one) as well as is beneficial to both - employer as well as employees. It is a key to improve piece of work performance of employees.

The term 'motive' is derived from the Latin give-and-take 'emovere' which way to displace or to activate. Motivation is the human activeness of making someone to human activeness inwards the desired way through positive encouragement. It is through motivation that employees tin hold out induced to piece of work more, to earn to a greater extent than as well as to give meliorate results to the Organization.

Definition of Motivation

1. According to W. G. Scot, "Motivation way a procedure of stimulating people to activeness to accomplish the desired goals."
2. According to Michael J. Jucius, "Motivation is the human activeness of stimulating someone or oneself to larn a desired course of report of action, to force the correct push to larn a desired results."

Features of Motivation

1. Psychological Process : Motivation is a psychological procedure useful for encouraging employees to receive got to a greater extent than involvement inwards the piece of work assigned. It relates to human relations.
2. Initiative past times Manager : The inaugural for motivation is past times the director past times offering guidance as well as likewise past times other methods similar appreciation of skilful piece of work or offering incentives. Management has to adopt special measures for motivating employees. They include monetary every bit good every bit non-monetary.
3. Continuous activity : It is a continuous as well as circular process. Subordinates necessitate motivation inwards a continuous way every bit their needs as well as expectations alter from fourth dimension to time. H5N1 director has to report the needs of workers as well as utilization the technique of motivation accordingly. The procedure of motivation must hold out made a regular as well as continuous one.
4. Goal-oriented as well as action-oriented : Motivation diverts human demeanor towards sure goals. Attainment of organizational as well as private goals depends on the motivational plans.
5. Broad concept : Motivation covers needs, human relations as well as satisfaction of employees. For employee motivation, monetary as well as other incentives necessitate to hold out offered. Job satisfaction is i such necessitate as well as is useful for their motivation.
6. Essence of management process : Motivation is an essential role of a manager. He has to motivate his subordinates for achieving organizational objectives. Motivated labour forcefulness is an property of a draw of piece of work concern unit. Motivated employees pick out prosperity to a draw of piece of work concern unit.
7. Beneficial to employees as well as management : Motivation offers benefits to employees as well as Organisation. It avoids crashes as well as encourages cooperative outlook with employees. Motivation leads to cordial labour-management relations. It provides to a greater extent than turn a profit to management as well as meliorate welfare to employees.
8. Varied measures available for motivation : For motivation, diverse monetary as well as non monetary incentives tin hold out offered to employees past times the management. Attractive wages, welfare facilities, chore satisfaction, appreciation of skilful work, encouragement to self-development, chore safety as well as fair handling are approximately measures of motivating employees.
9. Motivation is unlike from satisfaction : Motivation implies a drive towards a resultant spell satisfaction involves resultant already experienced as well as achieved. 'When wishing is satisfied, employee is motivated'.
10. Related to a someone inwards totality : An employee is motivated inwards totality as well as non inwards part. Employee's basic needs are interrelated. Management must fulfill all the needs through monetary as well as non-monetary incentives.

Importance of Motivation

Motivation occupies an of import house as well as seat inwards the whole management process. This technique tin hold out used fruitfully for encouraging workers to brand positive contribution for achieving organizational objectives. Motivation is necessary every bit human nature needs approximately kind of inducement, encouragement or incentive inwards lodge to larn meliorate performance. Motivation of employee’s offers may benefits to the Organisation as well as likewise to the employees. This suggests the importance of motivating employees. Motivation acts every bit a technique for improving the performance of employees working at unlike levels.

Motivation of employees is i role which every director has to perform along with other managerial functions. H5N1 director has to role every bit a friend as well as motivator of his subordinates. Motivation is useful inwards all aspects of life as well as fifty-fifty our household unit of measurement life. The same is the illustration with business. This dearly suggests that motivation is extremely important. It is an integral component subdivision of management procedure itself.

Advantages of Motivation

(A) Advantages of Motivation to Management / Organization

1. Increase inwards the efficiency as well as productivity of employees. Motivation ensures a high degree performance of employees.
2. Better co-operation from employees as well as cordial labour-management relations.
3. Reduction inwards the charge per unit of measurement of labour absenteeism as well as turnover.
4. Reduction inwards the wastages as well as industrial accidents.
5. Improvement inwards the morale of employees.
6. Quick achievement of business/corporate objectives as well as favorable corporate image.

(B) Advantages of Motivation to Employees / Workers

1. Employees larn diverse monetary as well as non-monetary facilities/benefits which supply meliorate life as well as welfare to them.
2. Security of work as well as other benefits due to cordial relations with the management.
3. Job attraction as well as chore satisfaction.
4. Higher status as well as opportunities of participation inwards management.
5. Positive approach as well as outlook of employees towards company, management as well as superiors.
6. Reduction inwards the charge per unit of measurement of labour turnover which is harmful to employees as well as management.
7. Better reach for improvement inwards knowledge as well as skills of employees.

Motivational Factors / Incentives

(A) Monetary or Financial Incentives

Monetary incentives are offered inwards damage of money. Such incentives supply to a greater extent than cash or purchasing mightiness to employees. Monetary incentives are extremely attractive to employees (particularly those working at lower levels) every bit they larn the create goodness speedily as well as inwards concrete terms. At the higher levels of management, non-monetary incentives are to a greater extent than of import than monetary incentives. Workers prefer monetary incentives every bit compared to non-monetary incentives. Managements likewise offering liberal monetary incentives to all categories of workers.

Monetary incentives may hold out farther classified every bit next :-

1. Individual Monetary Incentives : The create goodness of private monetary incentive is available to concerned worker only. For example, F. W. Taylor suggested differential slice charge per unit of measurement scheme which offers unlike wage rates to unlike workers every bit per their production efficiency. Different incentive wage plans are the examples of private monetary incentives every bit the create goodness is offered individually to every worker. Here, a worker is paid every bit per his efficiency, productivity or every bit per the production given past times him. Efficient/sincere workers give to a greater extent than production as well as larn higher vantage inwards damage of wage payment.
2. Group Monetary Incentives : In the grouping monetary incentives, the monetary create goodness is non given individually but to a grouping of workers or to all workers inwards the Organisation. Workers receive got to piece of work jointly/collectively every bit a squad inwards lodge to secure the benefits of grouping monetary incentives. Bonus payment, pension, P.F, production/productivity bonus, turn a profit sharing, etc. are the examples of grouping monetary incentives. For the employer/management, grouping incentives are to a greater extent than of import every bit they offering many benefits to the management.

(B) Non-monetary Incentives for Employee Motivation

1. Job safety as well as chore enrichment : Job safety is useful for the motivation of employees. Such safety keeps the employee away from the tension of becoming unemployed. Job enrichment provides an chance for greater recognition as well as advancement. Job enrichment refers to redesign of jobs.
2. Fair handling to employees : Employer should give attending to the needs, difficulties as well as grievances of employees. Small piece of work groups as well as effective communication are useful for solving the problems of workers. Employees must hold out given decent treatment. They volition hold out co-operative entirely when they are treated with sympathy as well as love, affection as well as dignity. Employees should likewise hold out given assist inwards personal matters.
3. Recognition of skilful work : Recognition of skilful piece of work at an appropriate fourth dimension gives encouragement to employees to present meliorate performance inwards future. As an appreciation of skilful work, prizes, rewards, promotions, etc. should hold out given.
4. Encouragement to self-development as well as career development: Employees should hold out given varied preparation facilities. Training facilitates self-development as well as likewise provides opportunities for career development. Every employee has a wishing to grow, develop as well as rising higher. This wishing should hold out exploited fully for motivating employees. For this, preparation every bit good every bit management evolution programmes should hold out introduced.
5. Delegation of authority : Due to delegation of authority, a subordinate employee feels that superior has faith inwards him as well as likewise inwards his mightiness to utilization authorisation inwards a proper manner. Employees larn mental satisfaction when authorisation is given to them. They receive got involvement as well as inaugural inwards the piece of work as well as essay to essay out that they are competent to piece of work at the higher levels. Thus, delegation of authorisation becomes a motivating factor.
6. Congenial working conditions : It is a non fiscal incentive for motivation. Employees should hold out given diverse facilities as well as conveniences at the piece of work place. The piece of work surround should hold out pleasant as well as safe. This creates wishing to piece of work efficiently.
7. Helpful mental attitude of management : The helpful mental attitude of management towards its employees creates a sense of affinity for the Organisation. Fair handling to workers creates meliorate agreement with workers. Cordial industrial relations likewise motivate employees. Thus, enlightened as well as pro-employee mental attitude of management acts every bit a motivating factor.
8. Fair chance of promotion : Fair chance of advertisement to all eligible workers is i to a greater extent than method useful for motivating employees. They receive got involvement inwards the piece of work every bit they feet that they volition hold out rewarded inwards the cast of promotions. Training facility should hold out provided to employees inwards lodge to brand them eligible for promotion.
9. Labour participation inwards management : Labour participation inwards management is useful for the motivation of employees. Workers larn higher status as well as meliorate reach for expressing their views through such participation. Even the formation of lineament circles or articulation management councils is useful for motivating employees.
10. Designation as well as status : When an employee is provided with a meliorate designation, it adds to his status. Employees are proud to let on their attractive as well as high-sounding designations.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Hertzberg’s Two Factor Theory.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Douglas McGregor's Theory X Theory Y.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">McClelland's Achievement Motivation Theory.

blogspot.com//search?q=maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-theory-of">Hawthorne Experiments. So named because they were carried on inwards Hawthorne constitute of western Electric Company of Chicago inwards USA.

Dr. Elton Mayo led a squad from Harward University which cooperated with western electrical co. inwards the catamenia 1927-1936 to conduct out Hawthorne Experiments. They identified next details.

1. Recognized the importance of employee attitudes such every bit agreement voluntary co-operations as well as willing dedication inwards accomplishment of organizational goals.
2. Found that employee performance is really much influenced past times his mental attitude towards his job, associates as well as management.
3. Proved that organizational theater tin make entirely when its employees are satisfied contented inwards their jobs.
4. Pointed out that whatsoever alter to hold out should hold out made should hold out explained as well as its pregnant should hold out clear to employees. The fact that alter is logical is non plenty because employees may non appreciate the logic.
5. Explored much of data on grouping behavior.
6. Thus receive got provided the footing for much of what nosotros know nearly getting along with all, job employees inwards particular.